Drug Identification with Gas Chromatography Mass S Essay Example For Students

Medication Identification with Gas Chromatography Mass S Essay pectrometryDrugs are utilized regularly by individuals from numerous points of view for a wide range of reasons. Medication testing has gotten a standard in pre-work testing, on account of the wide assortment of medication use in todays society. Medications tried for by a potential business incorporate Cocaine (split), Amphetamines (precious stone), Opiates (codeine, morphine, heroin), PCP (phencyclidine), and Marijuana. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is utilized to test hair and pee tests of conceivable medication abusers or employment candidates, and it is the best strategy for the testing of medication use. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry are two unique strategies for recognizing concoction substances, and the two instruments have be coupled together to play out a profoundly correlative expository capacity. The gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer have hypotheses behind how their procedures work, and explicit legal applications for their instrumentation. The history and hypothesis of the gas chromatography began once again forty years prior with the development of the slim segment. The gas chromatograph offers fast and high-goals detachments of an exceptionally wide scope of mixes, with the main limitation that the dissected substance needs to have adequate instability. The hypothesis behind the mass spectrometer is to utilize the distinction in mass-to-charge proportion (m/e) of ionized iotas or atoms to isolate them from one another. Mass spectrometry is along these lines valuable for quantitation of particles or atoms and furthermore for deciding synthetic and basic data about particles. Particles have unmistakable discontinuity designs that give basic data to recognize basic segments. The blend of the gas chromatograph and mass spectrometer is extremely simple, in light of the fact that both instrument should be adjusted in abundance and both are dissected in the gas stage and have similar example levels and temperature ranges. The ! most significant component of the tw o instruments being coupled is that they perform integral logical functions.The instrumentation of the gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer is mind boggling. The instruments parts incorporate an injector, a transporter gas, a segment, a separator, an ionization source, mass separator, and a particle locator. The injector is situated on the gas chromatograph and is the place the example gas is infused into the instrument to begin the procedure. The example gas is then blended in with a bearer gas, which is the versatile stage in gas chromatography. The blend continues into the narrow segment where the partition of the example starts. The slender section is 15 to 60 meters long and . 25 to .75 millimeters in distance across. Once through the slender section the now isolated example enters the separator. The separator interfaces the gas chromatograph with the mass spectrometer, and isolates the transporter gas from the isolated parts of the blend. The example currently enters the mass spectrometers ionization source where the example particles are divided and made into! decidedly charged particles by high pillar electrons. The divided decidedly charged particles presently go through the mass separator, which is an attractive field. The mass separator disengages the divided example into their masses. The disconnected masses are perused by a particle indicator and afterward showed as a mass chromatogram. A mass chromatograph is a chart of particle m/e bounty corresponding to time. The gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer or GC/MS creates a mass chromatogram of a substance that demonstrations like a unique finger impression for a compound substance. The possibility that a GC/MS delivers a unique mark for a compound substance makes this instrument an alluring choice when testing for sedate distinguishing proof, and testing individuals for tranquilize use. Measurable researchers discover a medications recognizable proof by utilizing a GC/MS, and utilize the mass chromatogram in correlation with the test aftereffects of another obscure mass chromatogram. In the event that the two mass chromatograms coordinate, at that point the tried synthetic substance is that sedate it was coordinated against. Another application is utilizing a GC/MS and testing hair or pee tests of individuals to decide whether the subject uses drugs. Medications tried for might envelop such notable medications as Cocaine (break), Amphetamines (precious stone), Opiates (codeine, morphine, heroin), PCP (phencyclidine), and Marijuana. Today, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry has become the chief method for partitions and examination of medications. .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 , .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .postImageUrl , .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 , .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:hover , .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:visited , .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:active { border:0!important; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:active , .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-improvement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e4 2de7cffbc1d3 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u5d4051eb49297544f3e42de7cffbc1d3:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: David Nouhian December 21, 1998 Essay Employers will regularly test planned representatives for sedate use. They test with either hair or pee tests of the planned representative, and run the sample(s) through a GC/MS to decide whether the conceivable worker has utilized medications. They decide this by contrasting mass chromatograms of known medications and that of the test. The gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer is known as the best asset to demonstrate the distinguishing proof of a concoction substance, for example, a medication, as a result of the mass chromatographs that demonstration like a unique mark of a synthetic substance.

Rain Shadows - Orographic Lifting and Precipitation

Downpour Shadows - Orographic Lifting and Precipitation Mountain ranges go about as obstructions to the progression of air over the outside of the earth, pressing dampness out of the air. At the point when a package of warm air arrives at a mountain go, it is lifted up the mountain slant, cooling as it rises. This procedure is known as orographic lifting and the cooling of the air frequently brings about huge mists, precipitation, and even rainstorms. The wonder of orographic lifting can be seen on a practically regular schedule during the warm summer days in Californias Central Valley. East of the lower regions, enormous cumulonimbus mists structure each evening as the warm valley air rises upslope on the west side of the Sierra Nevada mountains. For the duration of the evening, the cumulonimbus mists structure the obvious blacksmith's iron head, flagging the advancement of a rainstorm. The early nighttimes at times bring lightning, showers, and hail. The warm valley transports, making shakiness in the climate and causes tempests, which presses the dampness from the air. Downpour Shadow Effect As a package of air ascends the windward side of a mountain run, it has its dampness pressed out. In this manner, when the air starts to dive the leeward side of the mountain, it is dry. As the cool air dives, it warms and extends, diminishing its chance of precipitation. This is known as the downpour shadow impact and is the essential driver of leeward deserts of mountain ranges, for example, Californias Death Valley. Orographic lifting is an interesting procedure that keeps the windward sides of mountain ranges soggy and loaded up with vegetation however the leeward sides dry and fruitless.

Freelancers Make Up 34 Percent of the U.S. Workforce. Heres How to Find, Hire and Manage Them.

Freelancers Make Up 34 Percent of the U.S. Workforce. Heres How to Find, Hire and Manage Them. Are you looking for a new hire? Or new talent in a specific area of expertise?Maybe you’re just wondering why it’s so difficult nowadays to find the right employees.If you have these or other related questions, then we have the answer for you.Many, if not all, of these questions can be answered in just one word.Freelancing.That’s the new buzz word.It’s being talked about everywhere. In campus, business offices, homes, bars, everywhere. The reason is simple. More and more people are becoming freelancers.In a span of 5 years, the non-freelance U.S. workforce grew by 2% (from 103 million to 105.3 million). Over the same period, the freelance workforce grew by 7% (53 million to 56.7 million).WHY DO PEOPLE CHOOSE FREELANCING?The number of people choosing to become freelancers is going up. Upwork, a leading freelancing platform says that freelancing is a movement. And that might be right.But what is it that makes freelancing so appealing?What benefits does it provide to make more p eople ditch the traditional 8-5 job?We have the answers.Need for a Better Work-Life BalanceIf there is one reason common among freelancers about their move from the 8-5 job, is this one. Anyone who feels like he is not getting enough time for himself is choosing the only alternative.The study which showed the 7% freelancing growth also found out that those freelancing out of choice are more than those doing it out of circumstances. Source: UpworkThat is a big sign of the freedom being desired by many and chosen by those who really want to “have a life.” And once they get a taste of it, they cannot even think of turning back.51% of freelancers say that they cannot go back to the traditional job no matter how much money they are offered. This is because of the flexibility they enjoy.With flexibility, you get the perfect, or almost perfect, work-life balance.Freelancing jobs allow you to plan your own schedule and work at your own pace.And this is not something you may lose simply because a manager doesn’t like you. This is simply the norm and clients understand that.At the same time, you get to have time to improve your skills as you see fit.In the traditional job, your employer may ask you to take the training which is relevant to his company.Although you may take it to stay competitive and grow your career, it’s obvious that not all employees love their jobs. They therefore don’t really want those tra inings.Unfortunately, they can’t take the training they want.But with freelancing? You can do that.As a freelancer, you almost always offer services which you’re naturally good at.The skills improvement you undertake is in line with what you want and love doing.Companies Seeking to Cut CostsAs freelancers enjoy the freedom and all the benefits it comes with, companies are also enjoying it.This is however true only for those who have already adapted. Others are still looking from the other side of the fence.More and more companies are realizing that the traditional process of hiring and maintaining employees is costly. And since one of the ways of being profitable is by cutting costs, why not stop doing the traditional?In the traditional, a company would pay to run job ads and spend money with recruiting agencies.In the modern, it’s cheaper since it only posts a job ad on a freelancing platform and gets all the details of the freelancer in one place.Also, every freelancer is re sponsible for his own skills development. The clients on the other hand, are free to work with different freelancers.Therefore, a freelancer has to get better so as to become competitive. And this is at his own expense. The client doesn’t spend any money or time to improve the freelancer.There are thus some savings for the companies working with freelancers. And money saved can do many other things.So, as companies grab the opportunities offered by freelancing, the numbers can only get bigger.Growth of the Collaborative Spaces IndustryThere was once a big challenge for freelancers and it revolved around working from home.Working from home had several challenges such as:Too many distractions (TV, bed, fridge, kids if any, neighbors etc)LonelinessLack of motivationBoredom etc.That second challenge on the list was a big one for many. And as entrepreneurs always solve problems, someone came up with a solution. The solution actually exceeded expectations.The solution was shared work sp aces or collaborative spaces.These are public spaces designed to serve as offices for individuals who are not working for the same employer. These spaces will typically have different offices, shared internet and office equipment like printers and even a cafeteria.The goal is to make the freelance work interactive and in the process, also more productive.In such spaces, freelancers will interact, share ideas, and maybe even form a company by bringing their strengths or skills together.Here is a video of one such spaces which shows how much this has been embraced. And the number of collaborative spaces has been increasing.It’s no longer difficult to find such places and so having a fully-functional office as a freelancer becomes easier.Freelancers don’t have to spend much money setting up a home office. And with the additional company, that means more people opting for this alternative.Technology Favors ItTechnology has proven to be a big player in determining the direction life takes. From industrial revolutions to how we communicate. And there is no stopping it.At the moment, there are many fears that technology will take away jobs.It has been argued that those fears are unfounded. The counter-argument is that the only thing to change is the kind of skills required.But there are more changes than those about job types.Recently, there has been a push towards more teamwork and technology has faithfully worked hard to facilitate this. It is in this facilitation that freelancing has benefited.Some companies have expanded to remote regions and have needed to collaborate with their remote staff. Others have simply eased up to the requests for work-from-home options.Those employees working from home still need to be in touch with those in the office.With necessity being the mother of invention, solutions were developed. Today, remote teams can work together so well as though they were in the same room.Group collaboration tools are available to help teams work ef ficiently together despite the distance. Internet speeds have also been increasing making communication easier.This is the environment freelancing needs so as to flourishâ€"and it’s getting it.As big companies get their needs met by technology, freelancers also get sorted by the same technology.If they had to develop their own, that would be a big challenge for the industry. But riding on the existing technology, things happen faster and easier.Protections Through LegislationAs freelancers began offering their services to clients, they faced more challenges than that of getting contracts.One such challenge was working and not getting paid.With vague laws concerning freelancing, many clients took advantage and occasionally exploited those venturing into the field. But things have changed.Freelancers have increased in number and one of their biggest unions, the Freelancers Union currently boasts of over 450,000 members. With a union comes strength. And when the union has many member s, the strength is increased.This is probably the reason the union was able to get the New York state to pass the Freelance Isn’t Free Law in 2017. This law introduced measures to ensure freelancers got paid for the work they do.This is encouraging because it means that the industry is being recognized for the contribution it makes to the economy. With over one third of the workforce freelancing, they are sure to be recognized.When recognition gets to the point of protection by law, you can be sure there’s no stopping.WHERE TO FIND FREELANCERSIf you are a business owner or work in the HR department of a company, consider tapping into this mass of skill. And to help you do so, here are some of the places you can find freelancers.Some of these places are already known to you. But if you were never familiar with the freelancing style of work, you may have failed to notice them.LinkedInThis is a social media platform primarily designed and intended for networking. On LinkedIn, inter actions are usually business-oriented though not lacking the social aspect of life.Users of this platform create a profile, provide some details about themselves and stay open for connections.The amount of details you can put in your profile is a lot. In fact, recruiters and HR managers often look up a job applicant’s LinkedIn profile as part of the screening process.The same way the traditional professional has an account on this platform, is the same way a freelancer does.For freelancers, they use this as a marketing tool, pretty much like everyone else. From the connections they make, it is their hope that business opportunities may arise.You can search for freelancers on this platform, check out their profiles and if you’re happy with what you see, connect with them.UpworkUpwork is one of the most popular platforms for freelance work. It provides both freelancer and clients an environment where they can build a business.Upwork freelancers create a profile which gets populate d by the jobs done.Client reviews are provided to help other clients decide on who to hire. The platform provides a built-in communication and payment system to make running the business both secure and convenient.There is also a community area to discuss anything from platform issues to success tips.ToptalToptal is another platform for those seeking freelance opportunities and services.One unique feature of the platform is that it’s not open for all the masses like Upwork. Toptal specializes in the best of the best of freelancers.They seek to have only 3% of top freelance talent. That means that joining as a freelancer is not easy.It offers five areas of services: developers, designers, finance experts, project managers and product managers.This website targets the companies looking for the best talent. The screening has been done and businesses can be sure that the person handling their project is both skilled and experienced.Remote-only Job BoardsAnother place to find freelance talent is on job boards specializing in remote jobs. These have cut out a niche for themselves and are providing interested members access to specific types of jobs.Different from the traditional job board, these center on freelancing jobs.Companies posting jobs on the traditional job board require face-to-face interviews and reporting to an office. On the other hand, those posted on remote-only job boards are purely of the freelancing type.Whether the company hiring is located next door or in a different state, freelancers will be working from a location of their choice.Some remote-only job boards you can use to get freelance talent are Flexjobs, We Work Remotely and Working Nomads.HOW TO BEST WORK WITH FREELANCERSOnce you choose to have a freelancer join your team or work with you individually, there are some things you should take note of.Freelancers work with you and not for you. As such, it would be inaccurate to think of them as your employees.This shift in mindset should gui de you to treat them differently from how you would treat an employee.Although the normal employee should also be treated with respect, freelancers can more easily terminate a contract compared to an employee.Moreover, on the freelancing platforms, any review you get from a freelancer is visible to others.If you therefore had a bad working relationship with one, another freelancer may read the review and decide not to work with you.To help you have a good time working with them, here are five things to remember:1. Communication is Very ImportantCommunication is not only important in romantic relationships but also in business relationships. And communication is not merely passing the message. Good communication includes ensuring the other person understands what you have to say.That means you have to use the right words, check the tone of your voice, avoid capital letters when typing etc. And just as you seek to ensure they understand you, also ensure you understand them.Give them a s much information as you think they need and be open to any questions they may have.Explain whatever needs explaining so that whatever work is being done can be done as per your needs.2. Set Clear ExpectationsAs you discuss the job itself, it’s a good idea to give a background of where your company is at. Let them know what necessitated the project you’re undertaking with them.With the background info, now tell them what you expect their work to look like. Whether it’s a written work or created image, it will only be beneficial to you if it’s made with the bigger picture in mind.Be very specific about the deliverables.If it’s a magazine for example, specify the number of pages designed, the layout and even colors used.If it’s writing, specify the length of the writing, the perspective, references, fonts, formatting etc.When you have clear expectations, you minimize misunderstandings and avoid unnecessary conflicts.3. Build the RelationshipDespite the relationship betwee n you and the freelancer being contractual and often short-lived, it can still be cultivated.As long as you want the best results from the work, you should consider developing a good working relationship.Many freelancers are skilled in more ways than one. They often have skills which they don’t publicize because those are not their main ones. But these skills can be used to improve the quality of the work.If you have a good relationship with the freelancer, it’s easy for him to do a little more than the contract demands. If the relationship is not good, why should he do more than is expected of him?Consider the below tips for building the relationship:Talk about non-work matters â€" as you talk about work, deliberately but gently switch topics to social matters. If he lives in a different location, ask him about life in his location. Tell him some of the things you like e.g. sports and find out what he loves.Just because you’re looking for his services doesn’t mean that is a ll you can talk about.Listen actively â€" as he tells you about himself and anything else he says, be attentive. Do not ask to be told about something then interrupt when being responded to. Furthermore, people love talking with people they know are sincerely listening.Show appreciation â€" for any good work done, always appreciate the effort put in. This is one way for you to develop value for people. Appreciating people helps you see the importance of working with others. Being appreciated will make them like you more. And the more they like you, the more likely they are to go the extra mile in the work they’re doing for you.Develop emotional intelligence â€" emotional intelligence plays an important role in good communication. Essentially, it is the ability to be aware of both your emotions and those of the other person. This helps you be sensitive towards them and avoiding to say or do what may be hurtful towards them.4. Provide FeedbackFeedback is always welcome, especially i n the freelancing world. Whenever you have received the finished work, tell the freelancer your thoughts of it.If you’re happy with it, go ahead and make it known to him. In case you would like changes to be made, let him know it.The importance of feedback to freelancers helps them in at least two ways:Deliver higher quality work â€" freelancers are always seeking to provide value to their clients. As such, getting feedback from you on the work they have delivered helps them gauge your satisfaction.In case you’re not satisfied with it and would like certain aspects worked on, go ahead and tell them. They will willingly make the necessary changes. Just remember the first two tips given in this section i.e. communicate well and be clear with your expectations.Improve their skills â€" remember that freelancers take it upon themselves to improve their skills? One of the ways they do it, or at least know which skills to improve on is through your feedback.Consider that working with a freelancer you’ve worked with in the past is always better. This is because they already know your work and your expectations.Therefore, if you give them feedback and they improve their skills, you’ll likely be among those benefiting.5. Embrace TechnologyBecause technology favors the freelancing work style, you will have to embrace it too so as to work with freelancers.The freelance work can be done from anywhere in the world. And with the need to keep things flowing smoothly, here are the four main ares you need to get covered for a good working relationship.Communication â€" we have already seen the place of communication in this relationship. To make communication possible and convenient, familiarize yourself with popular teleconferencing and videoconferencing tools.File sharing â€" rarely will you work with someone else without sharing files. Whether they are documents, pictures, or computer code, you must know how to get them to your freelancer.Freelancing platforms usuall y provide an internal service for convenience. But if you prefer, other tools outside of the platform can also be utilized. A common way of sharing files is Dropbox. Others are Google Drive and Microsoft’s OneDrive.Project management â€" if you have a big project and several people are working on it, things can get tricky. Team members may not know what exactly has been covered and what is still pending. Other may have overlapping tasks.To avoid this, it’s best to utilize project management tools. You can check out Asana and Trello. These are very popular and have many features which can help you accordingly.Payment â€" after all is said and done, this working relationship is a business transaction. You will therefore be paying for the services you are offered. How do you do it?If by any chance you live in the same location as your freelancer, you can agree to meet and pay him by check. If that is not possible, you can use Paypal to send him the money you owe him. You can also u se the payment methods incorporated into the freelancing platforms.CONCLUSIONThe freelancing work style is growing in popularity and you’re better off adapting quickly.There are benefits for you as a business too. As there have been disruptions in industries, freelancing is definitely a disruption changing how companies acquire and retain talent.Use the knowledge shared here to strategically position yourself for lower costs and higher profits.

The Abstract Of Figurative Language Essay - 1674 Words

Context is Everything It is clear that as representational theory opposes enactive theory, so does modernism oppose postmodernism. The question is: Which is more accurate? To this question, I turn to poetry. Poetry (and other forms of art) are able to take words that are pragmatically nonsense and create a sense of meaning out of them. Of course, I am making sweeping generalizations of poetry, and not all poems are pragmatic nonsense so I must clarify. When I speak of poetry and art, I am speaking specifically about the figurative language used within them--language that disallows its readers to create internal representations. Going by representational theory, and a modernist approach, figurative language in poetry would fail to be perceived and would not present its â€Å"unique truth,† and thus be â€Å"bad art.† The representational theory states that for every unique object there is a unique perception, and thus it follows the modernist approach that words (object/signifier) have a singular significance (perception). In representational theory, the context of the words and the subject’s knowledge of prior things that are similar to the object does not influence the perception of the object. The word and its meaning are independent of the subject’s prior knowledge (culture), and the object’s context (environment). The figurative language would fail to be perceived because the words presented in figurative language are nonliteral and do not carry meaning outside of the poem, andShow MoreRelatedFigurative Language And The Language1305 Words   |  6 Pagesphenomena, one of which is figurative language. It is a person’s way to saturate the mind with profound thoughts centered around its meaning. It has an interesting background, covers a wide array of literary devices, is applied within different types of writing, and people employ these devices within their daily language. Figurative language is a constructive way to communicate ideas using expressions, unlike its opposite idea which is literal interpretations. â€Å"Figurative language, in comparison, usesRead MoreThe Life Of Gold Rain By Langston Hughes, An African American Poet During The Mid 1900 S858 Words   |  4 Pagesno life. So even though rain and winter do come, sorrow comes, their silver lining is spring, new life and new hope and joy. Some elements of poetry used in this poem are, imagery, figurative language and rhythm. Imagery is language that connects the reader to the poem using the five senses and even ideas for abstract thought. In â€Å"In Time of Silver Rain† imagery is used often. Langston Hughes uses it to make you use your five senses, smell the rain and blossoming flowers. See the vibrant colors ofRead MoreThe Influnce of Figurative Idioms in English Language1017 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract: Figurative idioms paly an important role in English language. They represent the national culture and they are the core in language. The fgurative meaning and unity of idiom make the language colourful and vivid. Keywords: Figurative idiom; English language; Unity With the continual development of human society, language is developing as a tool which of people using it to express thoughts and communicate with each other. In all the elements of language, the change ofRead MoreLanguage Study: English1203 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿At a first approximation, language means any system of symbolic signs used for social intercommunication, that is to say, any system of signs which serves to express and communicate ideas and feelings and content of consciousness. Below are a few examples: Idiom is a faulty style construction of language, which can give rise to ambiguity, multivocality, confusion. Example: Sick as a dog. Analogy is the correspondence and resemblance between two or more events, objects, concepts; it can be theRead MorePoem Analysis : Alone By Maya Angelou907 Words   |  4 Pagesand poet Maya Angelou created a poem called â€Å"Alone.† In this poem, the title speaks for itself by warning you to not live life alone because it leads to unhappiness. The poem, â€Å"Alone† by Maya Angelou uses poetic devices diction, imagery, and figurative language to express the theme â€Å"No one can make it in this world alone and have happiness.† In summary, the poem â€Å"Alone â€Å" by Maya Angelou is about the speaker warning all human race to beware of this life living of being alone. No one can live in thisRead MoreFigurative Language Essays1135 Words   |  5 PagesFigurative Language and Imagery ENG 340 Creative Writing Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else, you are using figurative language. Figurative language is the use of language to describe something by comparing it to something else. It serves many linguistic purposes. It allows people to express abstract thoughts. It creates tone and communicates emotional content. The ability to use figurative language in writing can make a poem or story more enjoyable for the readerRead MoreCritical Thinking Assignment 2 Essay855 Words   |  4 Pages#2 Critical Thinking Critical Thinking – Assignment #2 In any story there are two types of language, figurative and literal. Language is, of course a necessary factor of any story. Without Language, an author could not tell the story. The author usually uses a combination of these two languages. Together, these languages characterize the author’s style. Literal language means exactly what is says, literal. It employs the primary meaning of a term or expression. It is actualRead MoreA Reflection in Sylvia Plaths Mirror1013 Words   |  5 Pagesmirror she is (pg 156). Plath develops the character of the mirror, and the woman this mirror observes, through the personification of the mirror. Plath’s Mirror, maneuvers through figurative language, free verse form, personification, and metaphor. The primary language of Mirror is figurative. Figurative language is defined by Clugston (2010) as â€Å"the use of words in ways they are not normally used in order to create a distinct imaginative effect or impression† (10.3). â€Å"I am silver and exactRead MoreAnalysis of William Faulkners Nobel Prrize of Literarure Speech1012 Words   |  5 PagesStockholm on December 10, 1950, Faulkner uses a powerful tone and effective rhetorical devices to convey his purpose. In his Nobel Prize of Literature acceptance speech, William Faulkner utilizes rhetorical devices such as persuasive appeals, figurative language, syntax, tone, and diction to aid in his effectiveness of his speech. In his speech Faulkner employs ethos and pathos throughout it. In the beginning, he starts his speech by using ethos, speaking of his work and him separately, showing heRead MoreMaxine A Daughter Leaving Home, By Linda Pastan1034 Words   |  5 Pagesof love. Love is an intense feeling of deep affection. Both of these poems exhibit a tough love and show excellent examples of concrete images and figurative language. Along with love, they also show a new meaning of beauty and nature. The poem â€Å"To a Daughter Leaving Home,† by Linda Pastan, showed a great deal of concrete images and figurative language. There was a slight conflict towards the end of the poem, especially when it said, â€Å"I kept waiting/ For the thud of your crash as I/ Sprinted to catch

Narrative Touched The Lives Of Americans - 1344 Words

Through the use of shrewd analyses of the psychology of slavery, his expressive assertions of self, and his remarkable command of style, Douglass’ narrative touched the lives of Americans like no other, revolutionizing slavery forever. In 1688, feelings began to take over reality when four German Quakers settling in Germantown, Pennsylvania issued the first formal protest to abolish slavery in the American colonies. These Quakers, otherwise known as â€Å"friends† and members of The Religious Society of Friends, were among the first great wave of German immigrants drawn to Germantown by the religious beliefs of the founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, William Penn. Like Penn, they believed that the inner light of God was present in all people, even slaves. Through religious values, these Quakers published the first written protest to the American public arguing that slavery was un-Christian and hypocritical (First Protest Against Slavery). Although this protest fail ed to make any immediate changes towards emancipating slavery, it sparked a chain reaction of abolitionist appeals because it wasn’t just word of mouth, it was a written document. The act of publishing documents and newspapers became extremely popular during the abolitionist movement, specifically in the 1830s. Following the religious revivalism that took place during the Second Great Awakening, various authors had taken up the cause of â€Å"immediate emancipation†. Newspapers like William Lloyd Garrison’s theShow MoreRelated Essay on Spirituality in Song of Solomon894 Words   |  4 Pageshad known and forced to live in a land of dark irony that, while promising life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, provided them with only misery. In a situation such as the one in which the slaves found themselves, many people would rely on their religion to help them survive. But would slaves be able to find spiritual comfort within the parameters of a religion that h ad been passed on to them from the slaveholders? In Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon, African-Americans struggle to find a spiritualityRead MoreColor-Blind Racism In America1131 Words   |  5 PagesCarlos Collins Writing Assignment 1 Hair is a basic element of most of our lives, so to many, hair is a trivial thing. However, the fact that we live in a social climate that routinely rejects aspects of communities of color, hair has come to be an increasingly symbolic piece of our racial identities. This is especially true for the black community in the United States. After generations of countering Eurocentric ideologies surrounding acceptability, members of the black community are beginningRead MoreThe Influence Of The Harlem Renaissance On African American Literature1144 Words   |  5 PagesThe Affect of the Harlem Renaissance on African American Literature The second half of the eighteenth century introduced a new expression to the literary world. The new expression was a voice that belonged to the African American writers. The African American writers wrote with a flair and brought a new perspective to the realm of literature. Literature, as America had known it, consisted of works from Christopher Columbus, John Smith, William Bradford, and Mary Rowlandson; these writers capturedRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass936 Words   |  4 Pagesof a slave. Through reading The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass I was able to learn the real life accounts of a man who was a slave. One of the things Douglass touched on was the way the white slave owners treated the salves as less than human, something that could be controlled and an inferior race. I was able to connect this idea, to the learnings of my previous education on white people coming to America and their interactions with the Native Americans. I grew up in Saline, a predominantlyRead MoreThe Narrative Of Briton Hammon1583 Words   |  7 Pages1) The narrative of Briton Hammon would be an excellent addition to ENGL 35000. This short story encompasses many of the questions touched on in class that are integral parts of early American literature. There are even parts of this piece that expand onto subjects that the class did not discuss. In looking at the genre, ideas, topics, and my personal reaction to this piece, one is able to understand why the captivity narrative of Hammon would add insight into this American literature course. OneRead MoreThe Agrarian Myth Of The South929 Words   |  4 Pagesnew narratives of the Southern experience. These women possessed a sense of autonomy and diverse experiences as expressed by a generation earlier by African American domestic workers in Atlanta and the â€Å"homogenous† rural, Southern woman. Work, Family and Faith, was edited to provide readers with an accessible introduction to the multiplicity of lives that constructed the supposedly homogenous group of â€Å"rural Southern women†. Oral histories of rural southern women blend to reveal narratives aboutRead MoreNarrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesFrederick Augustus Washington Bailey (later known as Frederick Douglass) was born a slave in Talbot County, Maryland around the year 1818. He was an African American reformer, writer, and orator. Douglass was one of the few noteworthy heroes who arose from the evils of slavery and impacted the United States and the world in significant ways. After escaping from slavery, he became known for his astounding oratory skills and remarkable antislavery writing. He became an important leader of the abolitionistRead MoreMirrored Worlds1566 Words   |  7 Pagesshown between A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowland son by Mary Rowlandson herself and Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson. The stories depict the great suffering of two individuals who express similar qualities in their writings; the qualities being that each piece is a captivity narrative, there is a struggle with faith, and a silenced sexual subtext. The first piece by Rowlandson tells the story of a white Puritan woman. She is captured by Native Americans, and goes throughRead MoreThe Life of A Slave Girl by Harriet A. Jacobs Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesA slave narrative is to tell a slaves story and what they have been through. Six thousand former slaves from North America told about their lives during the 18th and 19th centuries. About 150 narratives were published as separate books or articles most slaves were born in the last years of the slave regime or during the Civil War. Some Slaves told about their experiences on plantations, in cities, and on small farms. Slave narratives are one of the only ways that people today know about the wayRead MoreThe Labor Of Slave Women1512 Words   |  7 PagesMore Than Chains and Toil is a knowledgeable written work as an explanation of servitude in the experience specifically of African American women. Even though forced grunt work was the bases of slavery, very few have the k nowledge of the labor of slave women had to do from the perspective of slave women themselves. The author presents and clarifies the understandings the impact labor-meanings has on women in a moral value perspective. According to Joan Martin, â€Å"moral agency† for slaves meant autonomy

Black History - 954 Words

Javon SOC 101: Introduction to Sociology Instructor: Jeanette Maxey November 11, 2012 Theorists of Choice W.E.B Du Bois Sociology is the study of group behavior through the use of scientific investigation and research (Vissing, 2011). This class has shown so many different views on sociology. It explains how different people see society and how they live and interact with them. My theorist of choice is W.E.B Du Bois, because he laid down the foundation for the study of black sociology and the work of scholars such as E. Franklin Frazier (Vissing, 2011). In this paper I will discuss why I feel that W.E.B Du Bois views align with my personal views. W.E.B Du Bois real name is William Edwards Burghardt and was born†¦show more content†¦He said no man has a right to choose another man friend’s. He wanted the law to enforce against the rich as well as the poor. He wanted the law to enforce against white as well as black. He talks about blacks are not more lawless than a white race. The blacks are more often arrested, convicted and mobbed. Du Bois said he was n’t justice even for criminals and outlaws. Du Bois fought for equal rights for African Americans. He believed that African Americans should have the chance to advance education to develop its leadership. He believed that capitalism was the main cause of racism and he was generally sympathetic socialist causes throughout his life (Bois, W). He fought for the African Americans to get a higher position in the military. Some whites felt that African Americans were not qualified to be officers and some African Americans should not participate in what they consider a white man’s war (Bois, W). Du Bois supported increased civil rights, socialist causes and fought against American injustice both domestically and abroad. He never creased writing and he continued to publish on a wide range of subjects, such as poetry, civil rights, communism, imperialism and its effects on racial inequality. References Bois, W.E.B. Du. (1868-1963). Friesen, Bruce K. (2005). Teaching Sociology. Vissing, Y. (2011). An Introduction to Sociology.Show MoreRelatedBlack History After American History900 Words   |  4 PagesBlack History Month started off, as Black History Week in 1926 in 1976 it became a month. It is known that many minorities have suffered in America, Canada, and the United Kingdom especially African Americans; therefore, a month was created to raise awareness of their culture and the role they played in American history. There are other minorities such as Latinos and the Gay/Lesbian community who have suffered and played a huge role in American history who deserve an annual celebration of achievementsRead More Black History Importance Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesBlack History Importance The time has come again to celebrate the achievements of all black men and women who have chipped in to form the Black society. There are television programs about the African Queens and Kings who never set sail for America, but are acknowledged as the pillars of our identity. In addition, our black school children finally get to hear about the history of their ancestors instead of hearing about Columbus and the founding of America. The great founding of America brieflyRead MoreBlack History Question1230 Words   |  5 Pages4. Who was the first Black woman to drive a U S Postal stagecoach? @5. Name the first Black to win an elected office in the U. S. 6. Booker T. Washington had dinner with what American president? 7. Who were the Kansas City Monarchs? 8. What is Hoppin John? 9. What actor rapper starred in the movie Men In Black? 10. Representative Maxine Waters represents what state? The Black Heritage Trivia Game Section 4 Page 2 Section 4 Page 2 11. What month is Black History celebrated? 12. ThrillaRead MoreBlack Friday History718 Words   |  3 Pages  Ã‚  Black  Friday  is  the  day  after  Thanksgiving  in  the  United  States,  where  it  is  the  beginning  of   the  traditional  Christmas  shopping  season.  Since  Thanksgiving  falls  on  the  fourth  Thursday  in   November  in  the  United  States,  Black  Friday  may  be  as  early  as  the  23rd  and  as  late  as  the   29th  of  November.  More  recently,  there  is  new  understanding  that  the  term  originates  from  the   theory  that  retailers  traditionally  operated  at  a  financial  loss  for  most  of  the  year  (January   through  November)  and  made  their  profit  during  the  holiday  seasonRead MoreBlack History : America, Not About Negro History914 Words   |  4 Pages From the Ground Up Today we learn about black history in America, not about Negro History. Who tells he story is what makes the difference; the people who lived it VS the people who watched it. Primary source documents tell the stories about what was happening on the ground. These are the best way to teach ourselves about how education was for Negros, the way lawsuits played a role in the civil rights movements, how a â€Å"Battle in Cuba† shaped new men, and how the community came together to get thisRead MoreHistory, Souls Of Black Folk, And Negro History763 Words   |  4 PagesIdentifying the hidden history, Books such as Wonders of the World, Story of Civilization, Outline of History, Souls of Black Folk, and Negro History (para. 22), offer X a more comprehensive African history other than the â€Å"whitened† (para. 19) history of slavery. While enumerating ignored sources of history from his research, X strengthens logos and ethos and connotes a contrast to the setting of this nar rative: many blacks’ contribution of history had been obliterated. Inequalities in history triggered hisRead MoreBlack History, By Sandra Bland1450 Words   |  6 Pagessocial media like every other citizen. That is until just after Christmas of 2014 when she made the decision to speak up about â€Å"the economic crisis burdening young African Americans,† trying to, in her words, inform her readers about black history, or American history as she liked to describe it (Nathan). Sandra Bland, a 28 year old African American, had just received a job interview from her alma mater, Prairie View AM University. Her life seemed to be going smoothly, just received a job offeringRead MoreEssay on History of Black Nurses2355 Words   |  10 Pagesthese programs where white students, blacks were not allowed any education during this time.   Blacks were not given equal rights as the white people, and were denied the right to have an education.   There were many black young women who were very interested in nursing, and were dedicated to pursue their dream, and wouldnt stop trying until they were given equal rights and accepted into these nursing programs.   Some black women would follow along with the black soldiers in the Civil War and provideRead MoreBlack History Should Not Be Celebrated1846 Words   |  8 Pagesit as Black History Month. Black History Month is one of the only national holidays in the United States of America that is for the acknowledgement and honour of African Americans in this its history. It is the time of the year when great African American figures are given praise and taught as â€Å"black history† in the school curriculum. Though its intentions are to celebrate accomplished African-Americans and their contributions, it is a poor method of sharing and learning black history. Black HistoryRead MoreBlack History Of American Education2125 Words   |  9 Pages â€Å"The history of America n education abounds with themes that represent the inextricable ties between citizenship in a democratic society and popular education.†(Anderson) As a result of their skin color, blacks had always been discriminated against in US society. As a result, blacks had become jaded to the harshness of inequality and could not find a plausible way to gain equal footing because they were taught that they were lesser beings than whites. From late 19th century to the end of the 20th

Various Server Applications Various Services-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Various Server Applications Various Services? Answer: Introducation Cloud computing refers to the computing of a process or basically a software which helps to gain access over various computer related resources like computer network, storage, various server, applications and various services. It is done with the help of internet. Many companies have tried cloud services for continuing their business. Cloud computing is beneficial many ways [1]. The benefits depend on the size of the business, the sector of the business and the strategic goals of the business. The possible benefits that the company S-mart can get using cloud computing are: Low of cost: The process of service on demand or demand when required has helped business to invest on the model based on operational expenditure. Cloud computing has helped in lowering the investments on servers, licenses and softwares. Cloud computing helps a lot in reducing the cost as there is no longer any need of purchasing an own datacenter or keeping an IT team for the maintenance of the data server [2]. Someone having an MSP no longer needs to pay the bills for traveling from one location to another and saves finance time required to travel. S-mart can have huge profits and the annul expenditure of the company decreases. Easy to upgrade and easy maintenance: Allocation of IT professionals for some other works as the cloud provides the server, softwares and network. Each cloud provider has their own IT experts who are solely responsible for the services they provide. The cloud vendors provide the upgraded forms of service, which saves both Time and money [3]. Every time a cloud service provider invests in a new solution it is made available to the cloud user helping them to use the most advanced tools and applications with no extra cost of buying those tools or applications. As the company has a large amount of data and large customer base so it becomes necessary for the company to upgrade its technology used for storing and compiling of data. Therefore, cloud technology provides the company with many benefits by providing it with upgraded technologies. Accessible from any location and from any device: Services provided by the cloud is accessible almost from any location. Users are able to access the important files, data, documents and IT tools from any device having an access to internet [3]. Moreover, clouds provide the required bandwidth making it possible to work online and replicating the office environment thereby helping the employees work more productively. As S-mart has many product lines, it becomes difficult to access the data of those product lines. Cloud services can help in accessing data of different locations siting at one place. Continuation of business: Cloud helps in remote working. During disaster the working procedure of a business continues. During times of natural calamity (rain, flood, show fall) or in cases of theft and technology people have an option of working from different locations even if they are unable to reach the office [4]. Users can simply login to access their work desktop and continue their work, as they would have done in their normal working days. Users can access the files, documents and data present in the cloud provided the users have necessary access codes. Security: Previously the security issues in cloud computing were weak but as technology has made advancements the security related to cloud computing has also increased. There is a saying that cloud computing improves the companies defense. Cloud service providers invest a lot in improving securing their data infrastructure to protect the customers data [5]. Cloud service providers invest in improving the security more and more if they earn profits from the users. S-mart has many data related to customers and their purchases so it becomes important for them to protect the data of the customers. Cloud services provides lot of security measures so the company can use all the security measures to save the data from any types of threats. Risks regarding cloud computing: Theft or Loss of property: Businesses are relying more in storing of data in the clouds. When there is a breach in the cloud or in case of any cyber-attack, the sensitive data in the cloud are accessed [4]. Breach in the services terms and policy may occur. The data if lost will greatly affect the business of the company S-mart Compliance in regulation: The users know that their data are stored in the services providers cloud but still the user is accountable to its customers for any security and integrity issue that affect the users data [4]. The user must know the standard and procedures that they are provided with to mitigate the risks. Location where the data is stored, who can access the data and protection level of the data: A user must know the location of their stored data and the privacy and security laws, which apply to it. Doing this is necessary, as there is a risk of marginalization of the rights of the user [1]. When a user does not have adequate legal protections then the user is liable for any type of security breach. This means unless and until the provider gives in writing then it is not liable for any type of security breach. Privacy and Security of the data: There is always a risk of breach in privacy of the user. Uploading of data to the cloud means trusting on the providers security system. A user must ask the service provider about who has access to the users sensitive data and the physical and logical security [1], which the provider is using to protect the data. Availability of data and continuity of business: Cloud services depends totally on the internet connection. This leads to a risk of poor service by the provider and problems in accessing of the cloud services by the user [5]. This threatens the continuity of business. Loss of data and recovery: Data loss might occur during a time of disaster or in cases of breach. The recovery process totally depends on the capabilities of the service provider. Therefore, the user must know the capabilities of the provider and if the recovery system of the provider is tested or not. In case of any threat or disaster the company might lose the valuable data of the customers. marketing of data can cause difficulties in contacting the customers as the weekly basis data is used by the company for informing the customers and staffs. Keeping records of old data: Whenever a data is stored into the cloud, new data replaces the old data [5]. When the user wants to access the old data then it might become difficult for the user to get the data back. Before storing, any data in the cloud user must talk with their service provider about the retention of the previous data. As there is regular uploading of new data by the company so there is a risk of losing the old data of the customers and their purchase details. Security regarding the environment: Data centers are cloud computing are highly concentrated with computing powers, data and users making it vulnerable to attacks of bots, malwares viruses and many other things [4]. Therefore, a user must know how much the provider is prepared to face these types of difficulties. Lockdown of the providers: When a user uses the service then the provider is in full control of the service. A user has no guarantee regarding the prices of the features provided. There is always a possibility of price hike or doubling of price. The users and their clients depending on the service are bound to pay the increased price [1]. In case the provider server fails then many online operations by the company will get hampered . Designs used for cloud computing: Structural diagram of a storage system in a cloud: Public APIs for data and management Virtual compute servers Logical storage pools Physical Storage Servers Physical Storage Servers Block, file or object storage Object Storage Virtual compute servers Cloud service location 1 Cloud service location n Architecture, Governance, Business continuity Identity, Access Management Service, (Access Control, SSO, Federation, STS, OAuth, User Provisioning, Logging, Auditing) Automated Life Cycle Management Platform as a Service Virtualized Infrastructure Automated Operations Infrastructure as a Service Firewall API, CA, SSL, Encryption, Key management, logging Security Automation Self-Service, Monitoring, Metrics User and App identity, App Security Testing, AuthZ, Logging Data Center Centric (BYOS) Developer Centric Fully Managed Model Security Services- Infrastructure Security Services- Applications Cloud system security design: Cloud Policy Decision Service End User Cloud Policy Admin Service Log/Audit Service Cloud Authentication service Account/Profile Provisioning service Meter/Billing Service Session User Profile Cloud Usage Records Log/Audit Store 3rd Party Auditor Cloud Policy Store Enterprise Registration UI Cloud Provisioning Service Local Authentication UI Cloud Usage Report UI External IDP (Authentication Service External Policy Decision Point External ID Provisioning Service Enterprise Cloud Service Owner Cloud Identity/Access architecture: Justifications of the design: Architect for security-as-a-service Deployment of application in the cloud to co-ordinate multiple services including automation of DNS, load balancer and many other services. Security automation falls in the same category, which includes automation of firewall policies between cloud security zones, provisioning of certificates (for SSL), virtual machine system configuration, privileged accounts and log configuration. Application deployment processes depending on security processes (such as firewall policy creation, certificate provisioning, key distribution and application pen testing) should be migrated to a self-service model [6]. Applying these techniques will help in reducing human touch points and enable the scenario of security as a service. Initially this will to mitigation of threats due to human errors, improve operational efficiency and embed security controls into the cloud applications. The company S-mart should put great efficiency in securing their data base and take a ll the necessary steps required to protect their data stored in the cloud. All the above steps discussed above needs to be followed by the company so as to continue their business without any difficulties. Implementation and practice of sound identity and access management architecture- Addressing should be done by cloud access control architecture to all aspects of user and access management lifecycles for both end users and privileged users user provisioning DE provisioning, authentication, federation, authorization and auditing. A sound architecture will enable reusability of identity and access services for all use cases in public, private and hybrid cloud models [7]. Employing of secure token service with proper user and entitled provisioning with audit trail is a good practice. The first step for extending enterprise SSO to cloud service is Federation architecture. To protect the data, the company should adopt proper techniques of protecting the data. The accessing of the data should be authentic so to do this there are many ways to prevent the access of the data specially the purchase data of the customers. Automate safeguards to provide Advantage to APIs - Deploying of any new security services with an API (REST/SOAP) to enable automation. APIs can help automate firewall policies, configuration hardening, and access control at the time of application deployment [8]. Security of the companys data becomes more secure by use of this technique. Not relying on an IP address for authentication services- As the IP addresses in a cloud lasts for a short time in nature so the user cannot solely rely on them for enforcement of network access control. Log, Log, Log creation of an end-to-end transaction when the security events are logged in by the application. The only reliable data leveraged by forensic engineers to investigate and understand the exploitation of applications is the security events, logs and audit trails [8]. This step is very much necessary for the company to keep track of each and every details so as to keep the customers details safe and secure in case of any vulnerabilities faced by the service provider. Some of the cloud security principles that are to be considered and customized by the cloud architect of S-mart are listed below: Present services in the cloud to follow the least privilege principles. To Guarantee the Isolation between various security zones by use of layers of firewalls - Cloud firewall, hypervisor firewall, and guest firewall and application container. The policies of the firewall should comply with the trust zone isolations standards. Use of End-to-end transport level (SSL, TLS, IPSEC) by applications to secure the transiting data between the applications deployed in the cloud as well as to the enterprise. Using API, compile the Security monitoring in the cloud with existing enterprise security monitoring tools. References: Catteddu D. Cloud Computing: Business, risks and recommendations for information security. InWeb application security 2010 (pp. 17-17). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Kondo D, Javadi B, Malecot P, Cappello F, Anderson DP. Cost-benefit analysis of cloud computing versus desktop grids. InParallel Distributed Processing, 2009. IPDPS 2009. IEEE International Symposium on 2009 May 23 (pp. 1-12). IEEE. Sether A. Cloud Computing Benefits. Browser Download This Paper accounting. 2016 May 18. Carroll M, Van Der Merwe A, Kotze P. Secure cloud computing: Benefits, risks and controls. InInformation Security South Africa (ISSA), 2011 2011 Aug 15 (pp. 1-9). IEEE. Takabi H, Joshi JB, Ahn GJ. Security and privacy challenges in cloud computing environments. IEEE Security Privacy. 2010 Nov;8(6):24-31. Jadeja Y, Modi K. Cloud computing-concepts, architecture and challenges. InComputing, Electronics and Electrical Technologies (ICCEET), 2012 International Conference on 2012 Mar 21 (pp. 877-880). IEEE. Dinesha HA, Agrawal VK. Multi-level authentication technique for accessing cloud services. InComputing, Communication and Applications (ICCCA), 2012 International Conference on 2012 Feb 22 (pp. 1-4). IEEE. Subashini S, Kavitha V. A survey on security issues in service management delivery models of cloud computing. Journal of network and computer applications. 2011 Jan 31;34(1):1-1.